面對(duì)深刻變動(dòng)的輿論生成方式,主流媒體應(yīng)有所作為
新媒體的發(fā)展特別是無(wú)線移動(dòng)智能終端的發(fā)展正改變著輿論生態(tài),最終可能要深刻影響我們黨的執(zhí)政理念、執(zhí)政方式:其一,人們可以不依賴(lài)主流媒體獲得海量信息;其二,人們可以不投稿發(fā)表各種意見(jiàn)。這種情況對(duì)于國(guó)家政治大局會(huì)產(chǎn)生怎樣的影響,我們需要有足夠的觀察和思考。
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)改變著人們的生活,這是不爭(zhēng)的事實(shí),也是社會(huì)和科技進(jìn)步的產(chǎn)物。我們從中得到的好處是顯而易見(jiàn)的,比如,電子商務(wù)就極大地提高了生產(chǎn)力水平,無(wú)線通訊就給生活帶來(lái)極大便利,在此不一一列舉。
但也要看到,網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿論生態(tài)并不健康,有的問(wèn)題還相當(dāng)突出。比如,有的網(wǎng)站為傳播錯(cuò)誤思想提供平臺(tái)。筆者最近看到《中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院要報(bào)》刊發(fā)的一篇題為“警惕歷史虛無(wú)主義擾亂人心”的論文,感到很吃驚。“飛奪瀘定橋是虛假宣傳”、“黃世仁為人善良收養(yǎng)喜兒”、“周扒皮待人溫厚,和佃農(nóng)關(guān)系很好”、“中共出賣(mài)外蒙”、“雷鋒是造出來(lái)的”、“董存瑞是虛構(gòu)的”、“三年自然災(zāi)害,毛主席大吃大喝”、“68年清理階級(jí)隊(duì)伍揪出3000萬(wàn)人,斗死50萬(wàn)人”、“大躍進(jìn)造成3000萬(wàn)人死亡”之類(lèi)的話題,充斥于網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間,這種對(duì)歷史是非的顛倒,丑化了黨的形象,污損了社會(huì)主義制度,在人們的思想上造成極大混亂,對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象不可以“娛樂(lè)”、“戲說(shuō)”視之。
對(duì)新媒體發(fā)展之后出現(xiàn)的新情況、新問(wèn)題,應(yīng)密切關(guān)注。應(yīng)該把互聯(lián)網(wǎng)建設(shè)和管理問(wèn)題納入宣傳思想發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略總體規(guī)劃,作出富有前瞻性的思考,也必須從實(shí)際出發(fā),在總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上作出新的制度性安排。
To Lead in the Pluralism, to Make Consensus in the Diversity
--the Road of Self-transcendence of the Mainstream Media in the Changing Society
Mi Bohua
Abstract: During the 1980s and 1990s, the Chinese media paid most of its attention on how China dealt with its own business. This has been changed in China's opening and rising up. The mainstream media should make efforts to coordinate the international and the domestic. Our journalistic theory and practice must adapt to this reality and keep pace with the times. The so called "to lead in the pluralism, to make consensus in the diversity" demands us think dialectically and guide the readers and audience to think about questions in a theoretical way. The development of the new media is changing the public opinion atmosphere and will finally exert its influence on the ideas and ways of ruling. It is necessary to take the building and administration of the internet as a part of the whole strategy of the development of propaganda and ideology. Foresighted ideas and innovative institutional arrangement are also important.
Keyword: mainstream media, social trend of thought, public opinion trend, dialectical thought, ideas of ruling
【作者簡(jiǎn)介】
米博華,人民日?qǐng)?bào)社副總編輯,全國(guó)宣傳文化系統(tǒng)“四個(gè)一批”人才,第五屆范長(zhǎng)江新聞獎(jiǎng)獲得者,中國(guó)傳媒大學(xué)博士生導(dǎo)師,1999年起為享受政府特殊津貼專(zhuān)家。
研究方向:新聞理論、新聞評(píng)論。
主要著作:著有《走進(jìn)高高殿堂》等5部評(píng)論專(zhuān)著。起草人民日?qǐng)?bào)社論和重要文章400多篇,發(fā)表了400多萬(wàn)字的各種言論作品和約50萬(wàn)字的業(yè)務(wù)論文,先后五次獲中國(guó)新聞獎(jiǎng)特別獎(jiǎng)和一等獎(jiǎng)。